A Reformist Thought to Fiscal Reform and Budget Management

Debt Level and Fiscal Rules in Iran According to Budget Structural Reform

Oil-exporting countries often escalate macroeconomic fluctuations by adopting cyclical fiscal policies. Empirical evidence shows that the main reason of instability in oil-exporting countries is the poor management of oil. In this study, after introducing a small open macroeconomic model with a dual managed floating exchange rate regime and estimating it using quarterly macroeconomic data of Ir...

Political Budget Cycles and Fiscal Decentralization∗

In this paper, we study a model à la Rogoff (1990) where politicians distort fiscal policy to signal their competency, but where fiscal policy can be centralized or decentralized. Our main focus is on the equilibrium probability that fiscal policy is distorted in any region, which we call the probability of a Political Budget Cycle (PBC). With centralization, there is the possibility of selecti...

Fiscal Decentralization: Theory as Reform

James Edwin Kee, Professor of Public Policy and Public Administration The George Washington University Abstract The last decade has seen a renewed interest in the concept of fiscal decentralization or fiscal federalism. This comes after a half-century of fiscal centralization in most developed and developing nations. This paper examines the theory behind fiscal decentralization and suggests the...

Education Spending and Fiscal Reform in Mexico

In September 2007, the Mexican Congress approved a fiscal rule to transfer the federal funds to cover the educational costs of the states. The formula contains a historical basis, meaning that it guarantees every year each state will receive the same amount that it received in the previous year. However, in case the resources approved in the federal budget exceed that of the previous year, then...

Federalism and Fiscal Reform in India